Enterobius vermicularis is an intestinal nematode of humans. Other symptoms include irritability and, in females, vaginal itching. Enterobiasis is an intestinal infestation by the pinworm enterobius vermicularis, usually in children. Ectopic infections in the pelvic area or urinary tract rarely occur in women. Pinworm infection is caused by a small, thin, white roundworm called enterobius vermicularis. Enterobius vermicularis, also called pinworm, is one of the most common nematode infections in the world. Entamoeba histolytica cysts were present on tomato, celery and cucumber. Paleoparasitological studies showed the presence of pinworm eggs in 10,000yearold human coprolites from united states and. A rare case of enterobius vermicularis pinworm is reported in the nose. Enterobius vermicularis is one of the most ancient parasites of humans and has a prehominid evolutionary origin ferreira et al. Pinworm enterobiasis, oxyuriasis, threadworm chapter 4. We report a case of the patient with mild voiding difficulties such as urgency, frequency, nocturia, dysuria, mild low back pain or perineal discomfort. Enterobius vermicularis pinworm and trichuris trichiura whipworm are two of the most common nematode infections worldwide enterobiasis pinworm enterobiasis occurs in both temperate and tropical climates.
Adults usually have low worm burdens and are asymptomatic. This is caused by the migration of female pinworms to the anus to lay. Ova of ascaris lumbricoides and enterobius vermicularis were isolated from tomato and celery. Enterobius vermicularis and hymenolepis nana were detected in 4,1 % of examined samples. The causative nematode is enterobius vermicularis, formerly known as oxyuris vermicularis, or commonly as the pinworm or threadworm.
Enterobius vermicularis physical description as a nematode, enterobius vermicularis has a cylindrical body, and a cuticle with three main outer layers made of collagen and other compounds, secreted by the epidermis. Less frequently, but they can also be found in vaginal smears or urine. Pinworm infection, also known as enterobiasis, is a human parasitic disease caused by the pinworm. Incidental observation on capsule endoscopy article pdf available in bmj case reports 2010jul16 2. Enterobiasis definition is infestation with or disease caused by pinworms genus enterobius, especially e. Another putative pinworm species, enterobius gregorii, has been described and reported from. Links to pubmed are also available for selected references. The pinworms are one of the most common intestinal nematodes. Enterobius vermicularis is a small nematode which lives in the crypts of the large intestine.
Unilateral salpingitis due to enterobius vermicularis. An 11yearold girl presented with the vague symptoms of crawling sensation in the nose for few weeks, who had received. Enterobiasis definition of enterobiasis by merriamwebster. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Enterobiasis enterobius vermicularis life cycle of enterobius vermicularis eggs are deposited on perianal folds. Although pinworom infection can affect all people, it most commonly occurs among children, institutionalized persons, and household members of persons with pinworm infection. Enterobius vermicularis adalah nematoda parasit obligat dari saluran pencernaan manusia, biasa disebut oxiuro dalam bahasa spanyol dan cacing kremi o cacing benang dalam bahasa saxon mereka adalah cacing fusiform berwarna putih krem, kecil, betina 8 mm dan jantan 2,55 mm. Adult worms may migrate to the lower genital tract and cause a granulomatous reaction. The pinworm species enterobius vermicularis, also known as threadworm in the united kingdom and australia or seatworm, is a parasitic worm. The disease is acquired by ingestion of fully embryonated ova deposited by the female worm about the anus and transferred to other hosts by fecal contamination or to the same host to produce reinfection.
Other species of pinworm infect horses, mules, zebra, sheep, goat, antelope. The most common means of diagnosing pinworm infection is via the scotch tape test, where a clear adhesive cellulose tape is applied to the anal area early in the morning before bathing or defecation. In gravid females, almost of the entire body is filled with the eggs. Additionally, young pinworms may be resistant to drugs. Linda allen certified nutritionist and former yeast infection sufferer teaches you her candida freedom step by step success system jampacked with a valuable information on how to naturally and permanently eliminate your yeast infection from the root and achieve lasting freedom from candida related symptoms. The female worms migrate out the anus depositing eggs on the perianal skin.
Enterobius vermicularispinworm linkedin slideshare. Enterobius definition of enterobius by medical dictionary. Enterobius vermicularis 1 enterobius vermicularis 2 enterobius vermicularis. The period of time from swallowing eggs to the appearance of new eggs around the anus is 4 to 8 weeks. The female is 8 12 mm long and once fertilised, becomes full of ova. Via person to person contact the worst kind, along with contaminated clothes and linens. Enterobius vermicularis infection and nocturnal enuresis among children are limited in turkey. It is a nematode roundworm and a common intestinal parasite or helminth, especially in humans.
Pinworm infection is the most common worm infection in the united states. The most common symptom is itching in the anal area. Scientific name enterobius vermicularis common name pinworm historical the common name was derived from the typically slender, sharppointed tails, especially of females. The nematode roundworm enterobius vermicularis is widely known as the human pinworm due to the females long, pointed tail. The morphology, life cycle, clinical presentation, and treatment for this parasite are identical to enterobius vermicularis, and the only difference lies in the fact that e. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 1. Pinworm eggs are spread directly from person to person and infect the intestines. Pinworm is endemic worldwide and commonly clusters within families. Prevalence estimates suggest there are 40 million infected persons in the united.
By far the most common clinical sign of pinworm infection is perianal or perineal itching, and the itching is usually the most severe at night. Enterobius vermicularis is the most common helminthic infection in western europe and in the us. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. The patient history of pinworm infection, also called enterobiasis, includes itching or prickling pain in the anal area usually at nighttime or in the early morning, intense anal itching, restless sleep or difficulty sleeping, and, rarely, abdominal discomfort or loss of appetite. Persontoperson transmission can also occur through handling of contaminated clothes or bed linens. Pinworm infection in human is initiated by the ingestion of the infective eggs, which hatch in the intestine, where they develop into the adult worms. Introduction enterobius vermicularis, the human pinworm, threadworm or seat worm, formerly called oxyuris vermicularis has. Known as enterobius gregorii, this parasite was isolated in 1983 by jeanpierre hugot. Pinworm infestation merck manuals professional edition.
The adult male is about 25 mm inlength and has a curved, relatively blunt posterior end arrow. The intestinal nematode roundworm enterobius vermicularis. In some areas the common names seatworm and threadworm are used the latter of which is sometimes also used to refer to strongyloides stercoralis. Pdf enterobius vermicularis, the small human pinworm. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. An 11yearold girl presented with the vague symptoms of crawling sensation in the nose for few weeks, who had received treatment for allergic rhinitis. Here the author describes a case of an asymptomatic patient with enterobius infection as an incidental finding at colonoscopy. The medical condition associated with pinworm infestation is known as pinworm infection enterobiasis a type of helminthiasis or less precisely as.
Infection is frequent in children, sometimes causing itching. Egg transmission occurs by the fecaloral route, either directly or indirectly via contaminated hands or objects such as clothes, toys, and bedding. In a study conducted by erdemir et al 14, enterobius vermicularis was present in 61% in the enuretic children 14. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Enterobius vermicularis this species causes perianal pruritis enterobiasis in humans parasite morphology. Diagnosis is by visual inspection for threadlike worms in the perianal area or the cellophane tape test for ova. Adult males have a blunt posterior end with a single spicule.
Pinworm infection is treatable with overthecounter or prescription. Pinworm infection is usually benign, and of those infected are asymptomatic. The nasal secretions were examined and confirmed the diagnosis of pinworm infection and treated by albendazole. Reinfection with e vermicularis immediately after the completion of drug therapy is common. Also, they noticed that enterobius vermicularis was the most frequent isolated microorganism among the enuretic patients 15. Enterobius vermicularis live adult worms in the high vagina. This article is part of an expert video encyclopedia.
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